This marked an irreversible break from the idea of war between States, solely by opposing armies. From now on, the battlefield was without limits. The industrialization and extreme mechanization of war was a major cause of this.
The need to overcome the hardships and restrictions imposed by the conflict became a weapon to unite, mobilize, and radicalize opinion. All the resources of those States at war were mobilized to defeat the enemy. Civilians became targets in their own right and violence reached a peak.
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